“Anthracological study of a Chalcolithic funerary deposit from Perdigões (Alentejo, Portugal): A new analytical methodology to establish the wood burning temperature” is an anthracological study of charcoals contained in the deposits of human cremation remains deposited in Pit 16 in the central area of Perdigões. With this study, the tree species used in cremations and the temperatures reached by them were determined, in an important contribution to the knowledge of these funerary processes.